List Of New Religious Movements
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A
new religious movement A new religious movement (NRM), also known as alternative spirituality or a new religion, is a religious or spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin or th ...
(NRM) is a
religious Religion is usually defined as a social system, social-cultural system of designated religious behaviour, behaviors and practices, morality, morals, beliefs, worldviews, religious text, texts, sacred site, sanctified places, prophecy, prophecie ...
, ethical, or spiritual group or community with practices of relatively modern origins. NRMs may be novel in origin or they may exist on the fringes of a wider religion, in which case they will be distinct from pre-existing denominations. Academics identify a variety of characteristics which they employ in categorizing groups as new religious movements. The term is broad and inclusive, rather than sharply defined. New religious movements are generally seen as syncretic, employing human and material assets to disseminate their ideas and worldviews, deviating in some degree from a society's traditional forms or doctrines, focused especially upon the self, and having a peripheral relationship that exists in a state of tension with established societal conventions. A NRM may be one of a wide range of movements ranging from those with loose affiliations based on novel approaches to
spirituality The meaning of ''spirituality'' has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. Traditionally, spirituality referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape o ...
or
religion Religion is usually defined as a social- cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatural, ...
to communitarian enterprises that demand a considerable amount of group conformity and a social identity that
separates ''Separates'' is the second album by English punk rock band 999, released in 1978. ''Separates'' was released in the United States under the title ''High Energy Plan'', with a different cover and slightly altered track listing; on ''High Energ ...
their adherents from mainstream society. Use of the term NRM is not universally accepted among the groups to which it is applied. Scholars have estimated that NRMs now number in the tens of thousands worldwide, with most in Asia and Africa. Most have only a few members, some have thousands, and very few have more than a million. Academics occasionally propose amendments to technical definitions and continue to add new groups.


List

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Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...
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Adidam Adi Da Samraj, born Franklin Albert Jones (November 3, 1939 – November 27, 2008) was an American-born spiritual teacher, writer and artist. He was the founder of a new religious movement known as Adidam. Adi Da initially became known in the ...
, previously Free Daist Communion, Dawn Horse Fellowship, etc. , ,
Adi Da Adi Da Samraj, born Franklin Albert Jones (November 3, 1939 – November 27, 2008) was an American-born spiritual teacher, writer and artist. He was the founder of a new religious movement known as Adidam. Adi Da initially became known in the ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu-inspired , , , - , Adonai-Shomo , , Frederick T. Howland , , , ,
Adventist Adventism is a branch of Protestant Christianity that believes in the imminent Second Coming (or the "Second Advent") of Jesus Christ. It originated in the 1830s in the United States during the Second Great Awakening when Baptist preacher Wil ...

Communal , , , - ,
Adonism Adonism is a Neopagan religion founded in 1925 by the German esotericist Franz Sättler (1884 – c.1942), who often went by the pseudonym of Dr. Musalam. Although Sättler claimed that it was the continuation of an ancient pagan religion, it ha ...
, , Franz Sättler , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , Adventures in Enlightenment, A Foundation , ,
Terry Cole-Whittaker Terry Cole-Whittaker (born December 3, 1939, in Los Angeles), or Dr. Terry, is a New Thought author and United Church of Religious Science minister, and the founder of Terry Cole-Whittaker Ministries and Adventures in Enlightenment. History She ...
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Religious Science The Religious Science movement, or Science of Mind, was established in 1927 by Ernest Holmes (1887–1960) and is a spiritual, philosophical and metaphysical religious movement within the New Thought movement. In general, the term "Scie ...
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Aetherius Society The Aetherius Society is a new religious movement founded by George King in the mid-1950s, also in the "Marburg Journal of Religion"link to the article/ref> as the result of what King claimed were contacts with extraterrestrial intelligences, to ...
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George King George King may refer to: Politics * George King (Australian politician) (1814–1894), New South Wales and Queensland politician * George King, 3rd Earl of Kingston (1771–1839), Irish nobleman and MP for County Roscommon * George Clift King (18 ...
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UFO An unidentified flying object (UFO), more recently renamed by US officials as a UAP (unidentified aerial phenomenon), is any perceived aerial phenomenon that cannot be immediately identified or explained. On investigation, most UFOs are id ...
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Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
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The African Church The African Church is a Christianity in Africa, Christian denomination that was established in the British colonial areas that would later become Nigeria in 1901. It was established after strong disagreements arose between the European leader ...
, , Jacob Kehinde Coker , , , ,
Anglican Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that has developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protestant Reformation in Europe. It is one of th ...
, , Omoyajowo 1995, pp. xv, 113. , - ,
African initiated church An African-initiated church (AIC) is a Christian church independently started in Africa by Africans rather than chiefly by missionaries from another continent. Nomenclature A variety of overlapping terms exist for these forms of Christianity: Af ...
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Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
-
Indigenous Indigenous may refer to: *Indigenous peoples *Indigenous (ecology), presence in a region as the result of only natural processes, with no human intervention *Indigenous (band), an American blues-rock band *Indigenous (horse), a Hong Kong racehorse ...
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African Theological Archministry The African Theological Archministry (ATA) is a charitable and spiritual 501(c)3 nonprofit organization chartered in the state of South Carolina in 1980. It spawned as a cultural, historical and spiritual movement in New York in the 1970s from th ...
, previously Order of Damballah Hwedo Ancestor Priests, Shango Temple, and Yoruba Temple , , Walter Eugene King , , , ,
Afro-American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of enslav ...

Voodoo Voodoo may refer to: Religions * African or West African Vodun, practiced by Gbe-speaking ethnic groups * African diaspora religions, a list of related religions sometimes called Vodou/Voodoo ** Candomblé Jejé, also known as Brazilian Vodu ...
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Agasha Temple of Wisdom The Agasha Temple of Wisdom is a spiritualist group founded in 1943 by Richard Zenor. After the publication of James Crenshaw's book ''Telephone Between Two Worlds'' in 1950, in which both Zenor and the temple were prominently featured, the temple ...
, , Richard Zenor , , , ,
Spiritualism Spiritualism is the metaphysical school of thought opposing physicalism and also is the category of all spiritual beliefs/views (in monism and dualism) from ancient to modern. In the long nineteenth century, Spiritualism (when not lowercase) ...
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Agni Yoga Agni Yoga (russian: А́гни Йо́га) or the Living Ethics (russian: links=no, Жива́я Э́тика), or the Teaching of Life (russian: links=no, Уче́ние Жи́зни), is a Neo-Theosophical religious doctrine transmitted by ...
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Roerichism Roerichism or RerikhismPhilip Walters. ''Religion, State & Society''. Volume 28, Issue 1, 2000. Quote from the ''Editorial'': "'Rerikhism' is an example of a thoroughly Russian new religious movement". (Russian: ''Рерихи́зм'', ''Ре ...
) , ,
Helena Roerich Helena Ivanovna Roerich (born Shaposhnikova; russian: Елéна Ивáновна Рéрих; 12 February 1879 – 5 October 1955) was a Russian theosophist, writer, and public figure. In the early 20th century, she created, in cooperation with t ...
,
Nicholas Roerich Nicholas Roerich (; October 9, 1874 – December 13, 1947), also known as Nikolai Konstantinovich Rerikh (russian: link=no, Никола́й Константи́нович Ре́рих), was a Russian painter, writer, archaeologist, theosophi ...
, , , , Neo-Theosophical , , , - ,
Ahmadiyya Ahmadiyya (, ), officially the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community or the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama'at (AMJ, ar, الجماعة الإسلامية الأحمدية, al-Jamāʿah al-Islāmīyah al-Aḥmadīyah; ur, , translit=Jamā'at Aḥmadiyyah Musl ...
, ,
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Mirzā Ghulām Ahmad (13 February 1835 – 26 May 1908) was an Indian religious leader and the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement in Islam. He claimed to have been divinely appointed as the promised Messiah and Mahdi—which is the metaphoric ...
, , , , Messianic
Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
, , , - , Aiyy Faith, previously Kut-Siur , , Lazar Afanasyev alias Téris , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Neo-
Tengrist Tengrism (also known as Tengriism, Tengerism, or Tengrianism) is an ethnic and old state Turko- Mongolic religion originating in the Eurasian steppes, based on folk shamanism, animism and generally centered around the titular sky god Tengri. ...
, , , - , Aladura , , Josiah Ositelu , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - ,
Alamo Christian Foundation The Alamo Christian Foundation was an American cult founded in 1969 by Christian evangelist Tony Alamo and one of his wives, Susan Alamo. Susan Alamo died in April 1982. After years of legal troubles during which he was accused of engaging in ...
, Alamo Christian Church, Consecrated, Alamo Christian Ministries, and Music Square Church , , Tony Alamo; Susan Alamo , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...

Communal , , , - , Altruria , , Edward Biron Payne , , , ,
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

Communal , , , - , American Buddhist Movement , , , , , ,
Western Buddhism Buddhism in the West (or more narrowly Western Buddhism) broadly encompasses the knowledge and practice of Buddhism outside of Asia in the Western world. Occasional intersections between Western civilization and the Buddhist world have been occur ...
, , , - , American Buddhist Society and Fellowship, Inc. , , Robert Ernest Dickhoff , , , ,
Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism (also referred to as Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Lamaism, Lamaistic Buddhism, Himalayan Buddhism, and Northern Buddhism) is the form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Bhutan, where it is the dominant religion. It is also in majo ...
, , , - ,
American World Patriarchs American World Patriarchs is a Christianity, Christian religious organization established in 1967. Founding The group was founded by Uladyslau Ryzhy-Ryzhski, a priest from Belarus who had been consecrated as bishop of Laconia, New Hampshire and the ...
, , Uladyslau Ryzy-Ryski , , , ,
Eastern Orthodox Eastern Orthodoxy, also known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism. Like the Pentarchy of the first millennium, the mainstream (or "canonical") ...
, , , - ,
Amica Temple of Radiance The Amica Temple of Radiance is a new religious movement begun in 1959 in Los Angeles by Roland Hunt and Dorothy Bailey based on the teachings of Ivah Bergh Whitten. Whitten had been diagnosed as a child with a disease considered incurable and ...
, , Ivah Berg Whitten , , , , Neo-Theosophical , , , - , Anand Ashram: Center for Holistic Health and Meditation , , Anand Krishna , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
neo-Hindu
Sathya Sai Baba Sathya Sai Baba (born Ratnakaram Sathyanarayana Raju; 23 November 192624 April 2011) was an Indian guru. At the age of fourteen he claimed that he was the reincarnation of Shirdi Sai Baba, and left his home to serve his devotees. Sai Baba's b ...
, , , - , Ananda Ashrama , , Paramananda , , , , Neo-Hindu
Neo-Vedanta Neo-Vedanta, also called Hindu modernism, neo-Hinduism, Global Hinduism and Hindu Universalism, are terms to characterize interpretations of Hinduism that developed in the 19th century. The term "Neo-Vedanta" was coined by German Indologist ...
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Ananda Marga Ānanda Mārga ("The Path of Bliss", also spelled Anand Marg and Ananda Marg) or officially Ānanda Mārga Pracāraka Saṃgha (organization for the propagation of the path of bliss), is a world-wide socio-spiritual organisation founded in J ...
, ,
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar (21 May 1921 – 21 October 1990), also known by his spiritual name Shrii Shrii Ánandamúrti (Ánanda Múrti="Bliss Embodiment"), and known as Bábá ("Father") to his disciples, was a spiritual Guru, philosopher, so ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu
Tantric , , , - , Ananda movement, incl. Ananda World Brotherhood Colonies and Ananda Church of Self-Realization , ,
Kriyananda Kriyananda (born James Donald Walters; May 19, 1926 – April 21, 2013) was an American Hindu religious leader, yoga guru, musician, and an author. He was a direct disciple of Paramahansa Yogananda, and founder of the spiritual movement name ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu
Self-Realization Fellowship Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF) is a worldwide spiritual organization founded by Paramahansa Yogananda in 1920 and legally incorporated as a non-profit religious organization in 1935, to serve as Yogananda's instrument for the preservation ...
, , , - , Anandamayee Sangha, officially, Shree Shree Anandamayee Sangha , ,
Anandamayi Ma Anandamayi Ma (''née'' Nirmala Sundari; 30 April 1896 – 27 August 1982) was an Indian saint and yoga guru, described by Sivananda Saraswati (of the Divine Life Society) as he most perfect flower the Indian soil has produced Precognition, ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - , Ancient British Church in North America , , Jonathan V. Zotique , , , , Homosexually oriented Christian , , , - ,
Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis The Ancient and Mystical Order Rosæ Crucis (AMORC), also known as the ''Rosicrucian Order'', is the largest Rosicrucian organization in the world. It has various lodges, chapters and other affiliated bodies throughout the globe, operating in ...
, , H. Spencer Lewis , , , ,
Rosicrucianism Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its ...
, , , - ,
Ancient Teachings of the Masters Ancient Teaching of the Masters (ATOM) was an American religious group founded by Darwin Gross in 1983. Darwin Gross was an American Army veteran, vibraphone musician, and religious leader. For ten years, he was idolised as the spiritual and corp ...
(ATOM) , ,
Darwin Gross Eckankar is a new religious movement founded by Paul Twitchell in 1965. Its membership today is primarily in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The spiritual home is the Temple of ECK in Chanhassen, Minnesota. Eckankar is not affiliated w ...
, , , ,
Sant Mat Sant Mat was a spiritual movement on the Indian subcontinent during the 13th–17th centuries CE. The name literally means "teachings of sants", i.e. mystic Hindu saints. Through association and seeking truth by following ''sants'' and their teac ...

Eckankar Eckankar is a new religious movement founded by Paul Twitchell in 1965. Its membership today is primarily in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The spiritual home is the Temple of ECK in Chanhassen, Minnesota. Eckankar is not affiliated ...
, , , - ,
Anglo-Saxon Federation of America The Anglo-Saxon Federation of America is a British Israelite group founded by Howard Rand in 1930. History Beginnings In 1928, Howard B. Rand, a lawyer and Bible student, began organizing for the British-Israel World Federation and started cond ...
, , Howard B. Rand , , , ,
British Israelism British Israelism (also called Anglo-Israelism) is the British nationalist, pseudoarchaeological, pseudohistorical and pseudoreligious belief that the people of Great Britain are "genetically, racially, and linguistically the direct descendant ...
, , , - , Ansaaru Allah Community , , As Siddid Al Imaan Al Haahi Al Mahdi , , , , Black Islam , , , - , Ant Hill Kids , , Roch Thériault , , , ,
Seventh-day Adventist The Seventh-day Adventist Church is an Adventism, Adventist Protestantism, Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the Names of the days of the week#Numbered days of the week, seventh day of the ...
, , , - ,
Anthroposophy Anthroposophy is a spiritualist movement founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner that postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world, accessible to human experience. Followers ...
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Anthroposophical Society The General Anthroposophical Society is an "association of people whose will it is to nurture the life of the soul, both in the individual and in human society, on the basis of a true knowledge of the spiritual world." As an organization, it is d ...
) , ,
Rudolf Steiner Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (27 or 25 February 1861 – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian occultist, social reformer, architect, esotericist, and claimed clairvoyant. Steiner gained initial recognition at the end of the nineteenth century as a ...
, , , ,
Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , Antiochian Catholic Church in America , , Gordon Mar Peter , , , ,
Independent Catholic Independent Catholicism is an independent sacramental movement of clergy and laity who self-identify as Catholic (most often as Old Catholic or as Independent Catholic) and form "micro-churches claiming apostolic succession and valid sacrament ...

Monophysite Monophysitism ( or ) or monophysism () is a Christological term derived from the Greek (, "alone, solitary") and (, a word that has many meanings but in this context means "nature"). It is defined as "a doctrine that in the person of the incarn ...
, , , - ,
Antoinism Antoinism is a healing and Christian-oriented new religious movement founded in 1910 by Louis-Joseph Antoine (1846–1912) in Jemeppe-sur-Meuse, Seraing in Belgium. With a total of 64 temples, over forty reading rooms across the world and tho ...
, , Louis-Joseph Antoine , , , , Christian Healing , , , - , Apostolic Christian Church (Nazarean) , , Samuel Heinrich Froehlich , , , , European Free-Church , , , - , Apostolic Christian Church of America , , Samuel Heinrich Froehlich , , , , European Free-Church , , , - , Apostolic Church , , Daniel Powell Williams , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Apostolic Church of Christ (Pentecostal) , , Johnnie Draft; Wallace Snow , , , ,
Apostolic Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Churc ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Apostolic Overcoming Holy Church of God , , William Thomas Phillips , , , ,
Apostolic Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Churc ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - ,
Arcane School Alice Ann Bailey (June 16, 1880 – December 15, 1949) was a writer of more than twenty-four books on theosophical subjects, and was one of the first writers to use the term New Age. Bailey was born as Alice La Trobe-Bateman, in Manchest ...
, , Alice and Foster Bailey , , , , Neo-Theosophical , , , - ,
Arica School Oscar Ichazo (July 24, 1931 in Bolivia – March 26, 2020 in Kihei, Hawaii, USA) was a Bolivian and American philosopher and the originator of Integral Philosophy. In 1968, Ichazo founded the Arica School in Chile. An American headquarters was l ...
, ,
Oscar Ichazo Oscar Ichazo (July 24, 1931 in Bolivia – March 26, 2020 in Kihei, Hawaii, USA) was a Bolivian and American philosopher and the originator of Integral Philosophy. In 1968, Ichazo founded the Arica School in Chile. An American headquarters was l ...
, , , ,
Sufism Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
, , , - , Arkeon , , Vito Carlo Moccia , , , ,
Reiki is a Japanese form of energy healing, a type of alternative medicine. Reiki practitioners use a technique called ''palm healing'' or ''hands-on healing'' through which a " universal energy" is said to be transferred through the palms of the ...

Roman Catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...
, , , - ,
Art of Living Foundation The Art of Living Foundation is a volunteer-based, humanitarian and educational non-governmental organization (NGO). It was founded in 1981 by Ravi Shankar. The Art of Living Foundation has its centers in 180 countries. Art of Living offers s ...
, Association for Inner Growth and 'Ved Vignan Maha Vidya Preeth' , ,
Ravi Shankar Ravi Shankar (; born Robindro Shaunkor Chowdhury, sometimes spelled as Rabindra Shankar Chowdhury; 7 April 1920 – 11 December 2012) was an Indian sitarist and composer. A sitar virtuoso, he became the world's best-known export of North Ind ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - ,
Arya Samaj Arya Samaj ( hi, आर्य समाज, lit=Noble Society, ) is a monotheistic Indian Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas. The samaj was founded by the sanny ...
, ,
Dayananda Saraswati Dayanand Saraswati () (born Mool Shankar Tiwari; 2 February 1824 – 30 October 1883) also known as Maharshi Dayanand is an Indian philosopher, social leader and founder of the Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement. His Magnum Opus is the bo ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - ,
Aryan Nations Aryan Nations is a North American antisemitic, neo-Nazi, white supremacist organization that was originally based in Kootenai County, Idaho, about miles (4.4 km) north of the city of Hayden Lake. Richard Girnt Butler founded the group i ...
, Church of Jesus Christ Christian , , Wesley Swift , , , ,
British Israelism British Israelism (also called Anglo-Israelism) is the British nationalist, pseudoarchaeological, pseudohistorical and pseudoreligious belief that the people of Great Britain are "genetically, racially, and linguistically the direct descendant ...
, , , - ,
Ásatrú Folk Assembly The Asatru Folk Assembly (AFA) is a white supremacist international Ásatrú organization, founded by Stephen A. McNallen in 1994. Many of the assembly's doctrines, heavily criticized by most heathens, are based on ethnicity, an approach it cal ...
, ,
Stephen McNallen Stephen Anthony McNallen (born October 15, 1948) is an American proponent of Heathenry, a modern Pagan new religious movement, and a white nationalist activist. He founded the Asatru Folk Assembly (AFA), which he led from 1994 until 2016, havi ...
, , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Polytheistic reconstructionism Polytheistic reconstructionism (or simply Reconstructionism) is an approach to modern paganism first emerging in the late 1960s to early 1970s, which gathered momentum starting in the 1990s. Reconstructionism attempts to re-establish genuine poly ...

Heathenry , , Strmiska and Sigurvinsson 2005, pp. 127–180. , - ,
Assemblies of God The Assemblies of God (AG), officially the World Assemblies of God Fellowship, is a group of over 144 autonomous self-governing national groupings of churches that together form the world's largest Pentecostal denomination."Assemblies of God". ...
, , merger , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Assemblies of the Lord Jesus Christ , , merger , , , ,
Apostolic Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Churc ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - ,
Assembly of Christian Soldiers The Assembly of Christian Soldiers is a Christian Identity church that was established in 1971 by former Ku Klux Klansmen. At its peak, the church had approximately 3000 members organized into 16 congregations in Alabama, Georgia (U.S. state), Ge ...
, , Jessie L. Thrift , , , ,
Christian Identity Christian Identity (also known as Identity Christianity) is an interpretation of Christianity which advocates the belief that only Celtic and Germanic peoples, such as the Anglo-Saxon, Nordic nations, or Aryan people and people of kindred blood ...

Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist, right-wing terrorist, and hate group whose primary targets are African Americans, Jews, Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and ...
, , , - , Assembly of Man , , Franklin Merrell-Wolff , , , , Eastern and
Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , Association for Research and Enlightenment , ,
Edgar Cayce Edgar Cayce (; 18 March 1877 – 3 January 1945) was an American clairvoyant who claimed to channel his higher self while in a trance-like state. His words were recorded by his friend, Al Layne; his wife, Gertrude Evans, and later by his s ...
, , , ,
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...
, , , - ,
Association of Vineyard Churches The Association of Vineyard Churches, also known as the Vineyard Movement, is a neocharismatic evangelical Christian denomination.Despite the fact that some might see denominational labels as divisive, the founder of the movement John Wimber said ...
, Vineyard Movement , ,
John Wimber John Richard Wimber (February 25, 1934 – November 17, 1997) was an American pastor, Christian author and musician. Initially ordained as a Quaker minister, he became an early, pioneering pastor of charismatic congregations, and a popular tho ...
, , , , Neo-charismatic
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Aumism , , Gilbert Bourdin , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
Esoteric Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
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Hinduism Hinduism () is an Indian religion or '' dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global p ...
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Aum Shinrikyo , formerly , is a Japanese doomsday cult founded by Shoko Asahara in 1987. It carried out the deadly Tokyo subway sarin attack in 1995 and was found to have been responsible for the Matsumoto sarin attack the previous year. The group says tha ...
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Shoko Asahara , born , was the founder and leader of the Japanese doomsday cult known as Aum Shinrikyo. He was convicted of masterminding the deadly 1995 sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, and was also involved in several other crimes. Asahara was sentenced ...
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Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Japanese Buddhism Buddhism has been practiced in Japan since about the 6th century CE. Japanese Buddhism () created many new Buddhist schools, and some schools are original to Japan and some are derived from Chinese Buddhist schools. Japanese Buddhism has had a ...
, , , - , Ausar Auset Society , , R.A. Straughn , , , ,
Rosicrucianism Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its ...
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Azali An Azali ( fa, ازلی) or Azali Bábí is a follower of the monotheistic religion of Subh-i-Azal and the Báb. Early followers of the Báb were known as Bábís; however, in the 1860s a split occurred after which the vast majority of Bábís ...
or Azali Babi , ,
Subh-i-Azal Ṣubḥ-i-Azal (1831–1912, born Mírzá Yaḥyá) was an Iranian religious leader of Azali Bábism, known for his conflict with his half-brother Baháʼu'lláh over leadership of the Bábí community after 1853. In 1850, when he was just 19 ...
, , , , Babism , , , - ,
Bábism Bábism (a.k.a. the Bábí Faith; fa, بابیه, translit=Babiyye) is a religion founded in 1844 by the Báb (b. ʻAli Muhammad), an Iranian merchant turned prophet who taught that there is one incomprehensible God who manifests his will in ...
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Báb The Báb (b. ʿAlí Muḥammad; 20 October 1819 – 9 July 1850), was the messianic founder of Bábism, and one of the central figures of the Baháʼí Faith. He was a merchant from Shiraz in Qajar Iran who, in 1844 at the age of 25, claimed ...
(Ali Muhammad Shirazi) , , , ,
Shia Islam Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, m ...
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Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, , Encyclopædia Iranica 1989, "Babism". , - ,
Baháʼí Faith The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the Baháʼí Faith and the unity of religion, essential worth of all religions and Baháʼí Faith and the unity of humanity, the unity of all people. Established by ...
, , Bahá'u'lláh (Mírzá Ḥusayn-'Alí Nuri) , , , ,
Bábism Bábism (a.k.a. the Bábí Faith; fa, بابیه, translit=Babiyye) is a religion founded in 1844 by the Báb (b. ʻAli Muhammad), an Iranian merchant turned prophet who taught that there is one incomprehensible God who manifests his will in ...
, , , - , Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Fellowship , ,
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Muhammad Raheem Bawa Muhaiyaddeen (died December 8, 1986), also known as ''Bawa'', was a Tamil-speaking teacher and Sufi mystic from Sri Lanka who came to the United States in 1971, established a following, and founded the ''Bawa Muhaiyaddeen ...
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Sufism Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
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Bethel Ministerial Association The Bethel Ministerial Association is an organization of Minister (Christianity), Christian ministers. It was founded in 1934 by Reverend Albert Franklin Varnell as a way to allow Christian ministers of similar Christian theology, doctrine to come ...
, , Albert Franklin Varnell , , , ,
Apostolic Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Churc ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
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Bible Presbyterian Church The Bible Presbyterian Church is an American Protestant denomination in the Calvinist tradition. History Origin The Bible Presbyterian Church was formed in 1937, predominantly through the efforts of such conservative Presbyterian clergymen as ...
, ,
Carl McIntire Carl Curtis McIntire, Jr. (May 17, 1906 – March 19, 2002), known as Carl McIntire, was a founder and minister in the Bible Presbyterian Church, founder and long-time president of the International Council of Christian Churches and the Amer ...
, , , , Reformed
Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism that broke from the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland by John Knox, who was a priest at St. Giles Cathedral (Church of Scotland). Presbyterian churches derive their nam ...
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Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ The Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ World-Wide was an African-American Oneness Pentecostal denomination started in 1957 in Washington, DC. In 1997, a division over who was the rightful successor to Presiding Bishop and founder Smallwood ...
, , schism , , , ,
Apostolic Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Churc ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
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Biosophy Biosophy, meaning ''wisdom of life'', is "the science and art of intelligent living based on the awareness and practice of spiritual values, ethical-social principles and character qualities essential to individual freedom and social harmony". It ...
, ,
Ignaz Paul Vitalis Troxler Ignaz Paul Vital Troxler (August 17, 1780 – March 6, 1866) was a Swiss physician, politician, and philosopher. Early life, education, and career Troxler was born in August 1780 in Beromünster, Switzerland. He studied in Jena and Göttin ...
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F. W. J. Schelling Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (; 27 January 1775 – 20 August 1854), later (after 1812) von Schelling, was a German philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German idealism, situating him be ...
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Blackburn Cult The Blackburn Cult, officially the Divine Order of the Royal Arms of the Great Eleven, or the Great Eleven Club, was a new religious movement started in 1922 by the American woman May Otis Blackburn. She started the group on Bunker Hill in Down ...
, Divine Order of the Royal Arms of the Great Eleven , , May Otis Blackburn , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...
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Brahma Kumaris The Brahma Kumaris are a spiritual movement that originated in Hyderabad, Sindh, during the 1930s.Dada Lekhraj Lekhraj Khubchand Kirpalani (15 December 1876 – 18 January 1969), also known as Dada Lekhraj, was the founder of the Brahma Kumaris. Life Lekhraj Kirpalani (commonly known as Dada Lekhraj) was born in Hyderabad, Sindh in 1876. In his fift ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - ,
Brahmo Samaj Brahmo Samaj ( bn, ব্রহ্ম সমাজ, Brahmô Sômaj, ) is the societal component of Brahmoism, which began as a monotheistic reformist movement of the Hindu religion that appeared during the Bengal Renaissance. It was one of th ...
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Adi Dharm Adi Dharm refers to the religion of Adi Brahmo Samaj ( bn, আদি ব্রাহ্ম সমাজ, Adi Brahmô Shômaj) the first development of Brahmoism and includes those Sadharan Brahmo Samajists who were reintegrated into Brahmoism a ...
, ,
Ram Mohan Roy Raja Ram Mohan Roy ( bn, রামমোহন রায়; 22 May 1772 – 27 September 1833) was an Indian reformer who was one of the founders of the Brahmo Sabha in 1828, the precursor of the Brahmo Samaj, a social-religious reform m ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu
Unitarian Universal , , , - ,
Brahmoism Brahmoism is a religious movement which originated from the mid-19th century Bengali Renaissance, the nascent Indian independence movement. Adherents, known as ''Brahmos'' (singular Brahmo), are mainly of Indian or Bangladeshi origin or natio ...
(Brahmo Dharma) , ,
Debendranath Tagore Debendranath Tagore (15 May 1817 – 19 January 1905) was an Indian Hindu philosopher and religious reformer, active in the Brahmo Samaj (earlier called Bhramho Sabha) ("Society of Brahma", also translated as ''Society of God''). He joined Brahm ...
, , , , Neo-Hindu
Unitarian Universal , , , - ,
Branch Davidians The Branch Davidians (or the General Association of Branch Davidian Seventh-day Adventists) were an apocalyptic new religious movement founded in 1955 by Benjamin Roden. They regard themselves as a continuation of the General Association of ...
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Benjamin Roden Benjamin Lloyd Roden (January 5, 1902 – October 22, 1978) was an American religious leader and the prime organizer of the Branch Davidian Seventh-day Adventist Association. Early life Benjamin Roden was born on January 5, 1902 in Bear ...
, , , , Seventh Day Adventist
Shepherd's Rod , , , - , Branhamism , ,
William M. Branham William Marrion Branham (April 6, 1909 – December 24, 1965) was an American Christian minister and faith healer who initiated the post-World War II healing revival, and claimed to be a prophet with the anointing of Elijah, who had come ...
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Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Breatharians Inedia , , Wiley Brooks , , , ,
Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
-influenced , , , - ,
The Brethren (Jim Roberts group) The Brethren is one of several informal names for a nameless religious movement created by Jimmie T. "Jim" Roberts. Other names include The Travellers, The Road Ministry, Body of Christ, and the Brothers and Sisters. The movement's members shu ...
, The Body of Christ and The Garbage Eaters , , Jimmie T. Roberts , , , , Unclassified
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
Churches , , , - ,
British Israelism British Israelism (also called Anglo-Israelism) is the British nationalist, pseudoarchaeological, pseudohistorical and pseudoreligious belief that the people of Great Britain are "genetically, racially, and linguistically the direct descendant ...
, Anglo-Israelism , , , , , , , , , - , Bruderhof, the Hutterian Brethren and Hutterian Society of Brothers , ,
Eberhard Arnold Eberhard Arnold (26 July 1883 – 22 November 1935) was a German theologian and Christian writer. He was the founder of the Bruderhof in 1920. Early life Arnold was born in Königsberg, East Prussia, Germany, the third child of Carl Franklin and ...
, , , , Communal , , , - , Brunstad Christian Church , ,
Johan Oscar Smith Johan Oscar Smith (October 11, 1871 – May 1, 1943) was a Norwegian Christian leader who founded the evangelical non-denominational fellowship now known as Brunstad Christian Church. Early life and career Smith was born in Fredrikstad, Norway an ...
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Evangelical Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide Interdenominationalism, interdenominational movement within Protestantism, Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being "bor ...

Non-denominational Christian Nondenominational Christianity (or non-denominational Christianity) consists of churches which typically distance themselves from the confessionalism or creedalism of other Christian communities by not formally aligning with a specific Christian d ...
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Builders of the Adytum The Builders of the Adytum (BOTA, also spelled B.O.T.A., BotA, or B.o.t.A.) is a school of the Western mystery tradition based in Los Angeles which is registered as a non-profit tax-exempt religious organization. It was founded by Paul Foster Case ...
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Paul Foster Case Paul Foster Case (October 3, 1884 – March 2, 1954) was an American occultist of the early 20th century and author of numerous books on occult tarot and Qabalah. Perhaps his greatest contributions to the field of occultism were the lessons ...
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Ritual magic Ceremonial magic (ritual magic, high magic or learned magic) encompasses a wide variety of rituals of magic. The works included are characterized by ceremony and numerous requisite accessories to aid the practitioner. It can be seen as an e ...
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Burkhanism Burkhanism or Ak Jang ( alt, Ак јаҥ "the White Faith") is a indigenist new religious movement that flourished among the Altai people of Russia's Altai Republic between 1904 and the 1930s. The Russian Empire was suspicious of the movement' ...
or Ak Jang , , Chet Chelpan; Chugul Sarok Chandyk , , , , Altaian
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
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Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...

Tengrist Tengrism (also known as Tengriism, Tengerism, or Tengrianism) is an ethnic and old state Turko- Mongolic religion originating in the Eurasian steppes, based on folk shamanism, animism and generally centered around the titular sky god Tengri. ...
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Cao Dai Caodaism ( vi, Đạo Cao Đài, Chữ Hán: ) is a monotheistic syncretic new religious movement officially established in the city of Tây Ninh in southern Vietnam in 1926. The full name of the religion is (The Great Faith or theThird Univ ...
, Dai Dao Tam Ky Pho Do , ,
Ngô Văn Chiêu Ngô Văn Chiêu (28 February 1878 – 1932) was the first disciple of Đức Cao Đài. His religious name is Ngô Minh Chiêu.Serguei A. Blagov Caodaism: Vietnamese Traditionalism and Its Leap Into Modernity "Ngô Văn Chiêu - Atomization of C ...
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Lê Văn Trung Lê Văn Trung (Hán nôm: 黎文忠; 25 November 1876 – 19 November 1934) was the first acting ''Giáo Tông'' of Cao Đài.Serguei A. Blagov -Caodaism: Vietnamese Traditionalism and Its Leap Into Modernity 2001– Page 78 "800 delegates, repre ...
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Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...

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Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
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Cargo cult A cargo cult is an indigenist millenarian belief system, in which adherents perform rituals which they believe will cause a more technologically advanced society to deliver goods. Causes, beliefs, and practices Cargo cults are marked by a ...
s , , , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...

Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
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Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...
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Carlebach movement The Carlebach movement is an Orthodox Jewish movement inspired by the legacy of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach. The Carlebach movement has promoted a form of Jewish worship, colloquially known as "Carlebach nusach" (Carlebach liturgy). One of the centers ...
, ,
Shlomo Carlebach Shlomo Carlebach ( he, שלמה קרליבך; 14 January 1925 – 20 October 1994), known as Reb Shlomo to his followers, was a rabbi, religious teacher, spiritual leader, composer, and singer dubbed "the singing rabbi" during his lifetime. ...
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Neo-Hasidic Neo-Hasidism, Neochassidut, or Neo-Chassidus, is an approach to Judaism in which people learn beliefs and practices of Hasidic Judaism, and incorporate it into their own lives or prayer communities, yet without formally joining a Hasidic group. O ...
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...
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Celestial Church of Christ The Celestial Church of Christ (CCC) is a church founded in Africa by Samuel Oshoffa on 29 September 1947 in Porto-Novo, Benin. It is located in most countries worldwide including the United States and various countries in Africa. History Osho ...
, , Samuel Oshoffa , , , ,
Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...

Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , The Centers Network , , , , , , , , , - ,
Chabad Chabad, also known as Lubavitch, Habad and Chabad-Lubavitch (), is an Orthodox Jewish Hasidic dynasty. Chabad is one of the world's best-known Hasidic movements, particularly for its outreach activities. It is one of the largest Hasidic group ...
, Chabad-Lubavitch , ,
Shneur Zalman of Liadi Shneur Zalman of Liadi ( he, שניאור זלמן מליאדי, September 4, 1745 – December 15, 1812 Adoption of the Gregorian calendar#Adoption in Eastern Europe, O.S. / 18 Elul 5505 – 24 Tevet 5573) was an influential Lithuanian Jews, Li ...
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Hasidic Hasidism, sometimes spelled Chassidism, and also known as Hasidic Judaism (Ashkenazi Hebrew: חסידות ''Ḥăsīdus'', ; originally, "piety"), is a Jewish religious group that arose as a spiritual revival movement in the territory of contem ...
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...
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Charismatic Movement The charismatic movement in Christianity is a movement within established or mainstream Christian denominations to adopt beliefs and practices of Charismatic Christianity with an emphasis on baptism with the Holy Spirit, and the use of spirit ...
, neo-Pentecostalism , , , , , ,
Charismatic Christian Charismatic Christianity (also known as Spirit-filled Christianity by its supporters) is a form of Christianity that emphasizes the work of the Holy Spirit, spiritual gifts, and modern-day miracles as an everyday part of a believer's life. Practi ...
, , , - , Chen Tao, God's Salvation Church and God Saves the Earth Flying Saucer Foundation , , Hon-Ming Chen , , , ,
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
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Cheondoism Cheondoism (spelled Chondoism in North Korean sources; ) is a 20th-century Korean pantheistic religion, based on the 19th-century Donghak religious movement founded by Ch'oe Che-u and codified under Son Pyŏng-Hi. Cheondoism has its origins i ...
, Chendogyo , ,
Choe Je-u Choe Je-u, who used the pen name Su-un (18 December 1824 – 15 April 1864), was the founder of Donghak, a Korean religious movement which was empathetic to the hardships of the minjung (the marginalized people of Korea), opposed Catholicism and ...
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Cherubim and Seraphim ''Inspector Morse'' is a British television crime drama, starring John Thaw and Kevin Whately Kevin Whately (born 6 February 1951) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Neville "Nev" Hope in the British comedy drama '' Auf Wi ...
, Sacred Cherubim and Seraphim Society and
Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim The Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim, also known as the esocs, is a church denomination in Nigeria that was founded by Moses Orimolade Tunolase in 1925. Orimolade received considerable media attention when he healed a girl, Christina A ...
, , Moses Orimolade Tunolase , , , , African
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
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Children of Thunder Glen Taylor Helzer (born July 26, 1970) is a self-declared prophet, former cult leader and spree killer who founded and led the Children of Thunder. Helzer and his followers murdered five people as part of an extortion plot intended to culminate ...
, , Glenn_Helzer, Glenn Taylor Helzer , , , , Latter-day Saint Movement , , , - , Christ Apostolic Church , , Joseph Ayo Babalola , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Christadelphians, Thomasites , , John Thomas (Christadelphian), John Thomas , , , , Baptists, Baptist family
Restorationism , , , - , The Christian Community, the Christian Community Church and Christengemeinschaft , ,
Rudolf Steiner Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (27 or 25 February 1861 – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian occultist, social reformer, architect, esotericist, and claimed clairvoyant. Steiner gained initial recognition at the end of the nineteenth century as a ...

Friedrich Rittelmeyer , , , ,
Anthroposophy Anthroposophy is a spiritualist movement founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner that postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world, accessible to human experience. Followers ...
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Christian Identity Christian Identity (also known as Identity Christianity) is an interpretation of Christianity which advocates the belief that only Celtic and Germanic peoples, such as the Anglo-Saxon, Nordic nations, or Aryan people and people of kindred blood ...
, the Identity Movement , , , , , ,
British Israelism British Israelism (also called Anglo-Israelism) is the British nationalist, pseudoarchaeological, pseudohistorical and pseudoreligious belief that the people of Great Britain are "genetically, racially, and linguistically the direct descendant ...
, , , - , Christian Reformed Church in North America , , Gijsbert Haan , , , , Reformed
Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism that broke from the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland by John Knox, who was a priest at St. Giles Cathedral (Church of Scotland). Presbyterian churches derive their nam ...
, , , - , Christian Science , , Mary Baker Eddy , , , ,
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

Faith healing
New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...
, , , - , Christian World Liberation Front, the Spiritual Counterfeits Project , , Jack Sparks,
Fred Dyson,
Pat Matrisciana , , , , Fundamentalist Christianity, Christian Fundamentalist-
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, , , - , Church of All Worlds , , Oberon Zell-Ravenheart, Tim Zell,
Lance Christie , , , , Witchcraft
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , Church of Aphrodite (defunct) , , Gleb Botkin , , , , Witchcraft
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , Church of Bible Understanding , , Stewart Traill , , , ,
Adventist Adventism is a branch of Protestant Christianity that believes in the imminent Second Coming (or the "Second Advent") of Jesus Christ. It originated in the 1830s in the United States during the Second Great Awakening when Baptist preacher Wil ...

Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...
, , , - , Church of Daniel's Band , , , , , , Non-Episcopal polity, Episcopal Methodism , , , - , Church of Divine Science , , Malinda Cramer , , , ,
New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...

Faith healing , , , - , Church of God in Christ , , Charles Harrison Mason, Charles H. Mason , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , The Church of God (Jerusalem Acres) , , Grady R. Kent , , , , White
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Holiness movement, Holiness
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Church of God Mountain Assembly , , J.H. Parks,
Steve N. Bryant,
Tom Moses,
and William O. Douglas , , , , White
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Holiness movement, Holiness
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Church of God of Prophecy , , Ambrose Tomlinson , , , , White
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Holiness movement, Holiness
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Church of God with Signs Following , , George Went Hensley , , , , Holiness movement, Holiness
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Church of Israel , , Dan Gayman , , , ,
British Israelism British Israelism (also called Anglo-Israelism) is the British nationalist, pseudoarchaeological, pseudohistorical and pseudoreligious belief that the people of Great Britain are "genetically, racially, and linguistically the direct descendant ...
, , , - , Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , , Joseph Smith , , , , Latter-day Saint Movement-
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, , , - , Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) , , Joseph Smith
James Strang , , , , Latter-day Saint Movement , , , - , The Church of Light , , C.C. Zain , , , , neo-Hermetism , , , - , Church of Satan , , Anton LaVey , , , , Satanism , , , - , Church of the SubGenius , , J.R. "Bob" Dobbs , , , , Parody religion, Parody , , , - , Church of the Creator , , Rev. Dr. Grace Marama URI , , , , Liberal family , , , - , Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or Flying Spaghetti Monster, Pastafarianism , , Bobby Henderson , , , , Parody religion, Parody , , , - , Church of the Living Word, also known as The Walk , , John Robert Stevens , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...

Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...
, , , - , Church of the Lord (Aladura) , , Josiah Ositelu , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
Family , , , - , Church of World Messianity , , Mokichi Okada , , , , Shinto
Faith healing , , , - , Church Universal and Triumphant , , Mark Prophet,
Elizabeth Clare Prophet, Elizabeth Clare (Wolf) Prophet , , , , Theosophy, Theosophical
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...
, , , - , Collegiate Association for the Research of Principles, also known as CARP , , Sun Myung Moon , , , , Unification Church , , In 1955, Reverend Moon established the Collegiate Association for the Research of the Principle (CARP). CARP is now active on many campuses in the United States and has expanded to over eighty nations. This association of students promotes intercultural, interracial, and international cooperation through the Unification world view.

 , - , Commandment Keepers, Commandment Keepers: Holy Church of the Living God , , Arnold Josiah Ford , , , , Black Judaism , , , - , Community Chapel and Bible Training Center , , Donald Lee Barnett , , , , Latter Rain (post–World War II movement), Latter Rain
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Concerned Christians , , Monte Kim Miller , , , , , , , - , Conservative Judaism , , Sabato Morais,
Marcus Jastrow,
Henry Pereira Mendes, H. Pereira Mendes , , , ,
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...
, , , - , Core Shamanism, The Foundation for Shamanic Studies , , Michael Harner , , , , Neoshamanism , , , - , Covenant of the Goddess , , merger , , , , Goddess movement, Goddess
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans , , Margot Adler , , , , Witchcraft
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord , , James Ellison (polygamist), James D. Ellison , , , ,
British Israelism British Israelism (also called Anglo-Israelism) is the British nationalist, pseudoarchaeological, pseudohistorical and pseudoreligious belief that the people of Great Britain are "genetically, racially, and linguistically the direct descendant ...
, , , - , Creativity (religion), Creativity , , Ben Klassen , , , , Pantheism
Agnostic Atheism
Racialism (racial categorization), White Racialism. , , #RobinsonCM, Robinson 2005. , - , Crossroads Movement , , , , , , , , , - , Cyberchurches , , , , , ,
Non-denominational Christian Nondenominational Christianity (or non-denominational Christianity) consists of churches which typically distance themselves from the confessionalism or creedalism of other Christian communities by not formally aligning with a specific Christian d ...
, , , - , Dalit Buddhist Movement, also known as the Neo-Buddhist movement or Navayana Buddhist movement , , B. R. Ambedkar , , , , Neo-Buddhism (Navayana) , , , - , Dances of Universal Peace , , Samuel L. Lewis , , , , , , , - , Dianic Wicca , , merger , , , , Witchcraft
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , Discordianism , , Malaclypse the Younger, Greg Hill, Kerry Wendell Thornley , , , , Absurdism, Greek Mythology , , , - , Eastern Lightning, the Church of Almighty God , , Yang Xiangbin,
Zhao Weishan , , , , House church (China), Chinese house churches , , , - ,
Eckankar Eckankar is a new religious movement founded by Paul Twitchell in 1965. Its membership today is primarily in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The spiritual home is the Temple of ECK in Chanhassen, Minnesota. Eckankar is not affiliated ...
or ECK , , Paul Twitchell , , , , Derived from Radha Soami but denies connection , , , - , Spirit_Church_(China), Efficacious Spirit Teachings, Spirit Church and The Lingling Sect , , Hua Xuehe , , , , Pentecostalism , , , - , Elan Vital (organization), Elan Vital, formerly Divine Light Mission , , Hans Ji Maharaj , , , , Derived from
Sant Mat Sant Mat was a spiritual movement on the Indian subcontinent during the 13th–17th centuries CE. The name literally means "teachings of sants", i.e. mystic Hindu saints. Through association and seeking truth by following ''sants'' and their teac ...
but denies connection , , , - , Emin (esoteric movement), Emin , , Raymond Armin , , , , New Age , , , - , End Time Survivors Jesus Christians , , David McKay , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...
Millennialism , , , - , Esoteric Nazism , , , , , ,
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...

Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , ''Est'' (Erhard Seminars Training) , , Werner Erhard , , , , Human Potential Movement Self religions , , , - , Evangelical Association of the Israelite Mission of the New Universal Covenant , , Ezequiel Ataucusi Gamonal , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
Messianic Judaism-Indigenous religion, Indigenous , , , - , Evangelical Methodist Church , , J.H. Hamblen , , , , Non-Episcopal polity, Episcopal Methodism, Methodist , , , - , Falun Gong , , Li Hongzhi , , , , Qigong movement , , , - , Family International, previously the Children of God, the Family of Love and the Family , , David Berg , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...
, Jesus movement
countercultural
Evangelicalism, evangelical , , #Melton2009, Melton 2009, p. 676. , - , Fellowship of Isis , , Olivia Robertson , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Goddess movement, Goddess , , , - , Feraferia , , Frederick Adams , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Goddess movement, Goddess , , #Ellwood, Ellwood 1971. , - , Findhorn Foundation , , Eileen Caddy,
Peter Caddy,
Alexis Edwards,
Roger Benson , , , ,
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
-Anthroposophy, Anthroposophistical-Rosicrucianism, Rosicrucian , , , - , Fire Baptized Holiness Church of God of the Americas , , W.E. Fuller , , , , Black
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , First Satanic Church , , Karla LaVey , , , , Satanism , , , - , Followers of Christ , , Marion Reece (or Riess) , , , , Unclassified
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , #Peters2008, Peters 2008, pp. 186–187. , - , Fourth Way , , George Gurdjieff , , , ,
Esoteric Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...

Esoteric
Sufism Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
, , , - , Fraternitas Rosae Crucis , , Paschal Beverly Randolph , , , ,
Rosicrucianism Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its ...
, , , - , Fraternity of the Inner Light , , Dion Fortune , , , , neo-Hermeticism
Esoteric Christianity , , , - , Freedomites , , , , , , , , , - , Friends of the Western Buddhist Order (FWBO), now Triratna Buddhist Community , , Sangharakshita (Dennis Lingwood) , , , , Neo-Buddhism , , #Irons2008, Irons 2008, p. 206. , - , Christian fundamentalism, Fundamentalist Christianity , , , , , ,
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
, , , - , General Church of the New Jerusalem , , schism , , , , Swedenborgianism , , , - , The Genesis II Church of Health and Healing , , Jim Humble , , , ,
UFO An unidentified flying object (UFO), more recently renamed by US officials as a UAP (unidentified aerial phenomenon), is any perceived aerial phenomenon that cannot be immediately identified or explained. On investigation, most UFOs are id ...
-New Age inspired
Pseudoscience , , , - , Gentle Wind Project , , John "Tubby" Miller and Mary "Moe" Miller , , , ,
Spiritualism Spiritualism is the metaphysical school of thought opposing physicalism and also is the category of all spiritual beliefs/views (in monism and dualism) from ancient to modern. In the long nineteenth century, Spiritualism (when not lowercase) ...
, , , - , Ghost Dance , , , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Native American religion , , , - , Global Peace Foundation , , Hyun Jin Moon , , , , Unification Church , , #PDI, Philippine Daily Inquirer 2008. , - , Godianism, Chiism , , K. O. K. Onyioha , , , , African
Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - , Grail Movement , , Abd-ru-shin, Oskar Ernst Bernhardt , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

New Age
Mediumship, Channeling , , , - , Hanuman Foundation , , Richard Alpert (Ram Dass) , , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - , Happy Science (Kofuku-no-Kagaku) , , Ryuho Okawa , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...
, , , - , Heaven's Gate (religious group), Heaven's Gate formerly Human Individual Metamorphosis and Total Overcomers Anonymous , , Marshall Herff Applewhite,
Bonnie Nettles, Bonnie Lu Nettles , , , , Syncretism, Syncretistic
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

New Age
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
, , #Partridge2004, Partridge, 2004, p. 406. , - , Hikari no Wa , , Fumihiro Joyu , , , ,
Aum Shinrikyo , formerly , is a Japanese doomsday cult founded by Shoko Asahara in 1987. It carried out the deadly Tokyo subway sarin attack in 1995 and was found to have been responsible for the Matsumoto sarin attack the previous year. The group says tha ...
, , , - , Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy , , Swami Rama , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , , - , House of Israel (Guyana), House of Israel , , David Hill a.k.a. Rabbi Edward Washington , , , , Black Hebrew Israelites , , , - , Humanistic Judaism , , Sherwin Wine , , , , Nontheism, Nontheistic
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...
, , , - , Huna (New Age), Huna , , Max Freedom Long , , , ,
New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...

New Age
Hawaiian religion , , , - , I AM Activity , , Guy Ballard, Edna Anne Wheeler Ballard , , , , Neo-Theosophical , , , - , Iglesia ni Cristo , , Felix Manalo , , , , Restorationism
Nontrinitarianism, Nontrinitarian
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...
, , , - , Isha Foundation , , Jaggi Vasudev , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , , - , Indian Shaker Church , , John Slocum, John and Marry Slocum , , , , Native American religion, Native American and Christian , , , - , Independent Fundamental Churches of America , , R. Lee Kirkland , , , , Unaffiliated
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...
, , , - , Insight Meditation Society , , Jack Kornfield,
Sharon Salzberg,
Joseph Goldstein (writer), Joseph Goldstein , , , , Theravada Buddhism , , , - , International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), Hare Krishna movement , , A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , , - , International House of Prayer, IHOP or IHOPKC , , Mike Bickle (minister), Mike Bickle , , , , Charismatic Movement
Post-tribulational
Historic premillennialism , , , - , International Church of the Foursquare Gospel , , Aimee Semple McPherson , , , , White
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , International Community of Christ, Church of the Second Advent (CSA) and Jamilians , , Gene Savoy, Eugene Douglas Savoy , , , , New Age , , , - , ISKCON Revival Movement (IRM) , , ? , , , , Neo-Hindu
ISKCON , , , - , Ivanovism (the Ivanovites) , , Porfiry Ivanov , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...

Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Slavic Native Faith , , , - , Jediism , , , , , , ''Star Wars''-inspired
New Age , , , - , Jehovah's Witnesses , , Charles Taze Russell , , , ,
Adventist Adventism is a branch of Protestant Christianity that believes in the imminent Second Coming (or the "Second Advent") of Jesus Christ. It originated in the 1830s in the United States during the Second Great Awakening when Baptist preacher Wil ...

Bible Student movement, Bible Students
Nontrinitarianism, Nontrinitarian , , , - , Jesus Army, "Jesus Fellowship Church" and "Bugbrooke Jesus Fellowship" , , Noel Stanton , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...

Communal , , , - , Jesus Movement , , , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...
, , , - , Jewish Renewal , , Zalman Schachter-Shalomi , , , ,
Neo-Hasidic Neo-Hasidism, Neochassidut, or Neo-Chassidus, is an approach to Judaism in which people learn beliefs and practices of Hasidic Judaism, and incorporate it into their own lives or prayer communities, yet without formally joining a Hasidic group. O ...
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...

Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
, , , - , Jews for Jesus , , Moishe Rosen , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...

Messianic Judaism , , , - , John Frum , , , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...

Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, , , - , Joy of Satan Ministries , , Andrea Maxine Dietrich , , , , Satanism
Theism , , , - , Kabbalah Centre , , Philip Berg , , , , Kabbalah, Kabbalist
New Age , , , - , Kalki cult, Oneness Movement and Oneness University , , Kalki Bhagawan (Vijay Kumar Naidu) , , , , Indian religions-inspired
New Age
Neo-Hindu
2012 phenomenon-inspired , , , - , Karma Triyana Dharmachakra , , the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa , , , ,
Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism (also referred to as Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Lamaism, Lamaistic Buddhism, Himalayan Buddhism, and Northern Buddhism) is the form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Bhutan, where it is the dominant religion. It is also in majo ...
, , , - , Kemetic Orthodoxy , , Tamara Siuda , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Polytheistic reconstructionism Polytheistic reconstructionism (or simply Reconstructionism) is an approach to modern paganism first emerging in the late 1960s to early 1970s, which gathered momentum starting in the 1990s. Reconstructionism attempts to re-establish genuine poly ...

Kemetism, Kemetic , , #Krogh, Krogh 2004, p. 167. , - , Kerista , , John Presmont , , , , Communal—After 1960 , , , - , Kopimism , , Isak Gerson , , , , Internet religion , , , - , Konkokyo , , Bunjiro Kawate , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Shinto , , , - , Krishnamurti Foundations , , Jiddu Krishnamurti , , , , Neo-Theosophical
Universalism , , , - , Kripalu Center (Kirpalu) , , Amrit Desai , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , , - , Lama Foundation , , Steve Durkee , , , , Communal , , , - , List of sects in the Latter Day Saint movement, Latter Day Saint movement (Mormonism) , , Joseph Smith , , , , Restorationism, Christian restorationism , , , - , Latter Rain (post–World War II movement), Latter Rain Movement , , George Hawtin,
Percy Hunt , , , ,
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Laymen's Home Missionary Movement , , Paul S. L. Johnson , , , ,
Adventist Adventism is a branch of Protestant Christianity that believes in the imminent Second Coming (or the "Second Advent") of Jesus Christ. It originated in the 1830s in the United States during the Second Great Awakening when Baptist preacher Wil ...

Bible Student movement, Bible Students , , , - , Lectorium Rosicrucianum , , Jan van Rijckenborgh; Zwier Willem Leene; Catharose de Petri , , , ,
Rosicrucianism Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its ...
, , , - , The Living Word Fellowship , , John Robert Stevens , , , , Latter Rain (post–World War II movement), Latter Rain
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Local churches (affiliation), Local Church movement , , Ni Shu-tsu (Watchman Nee) , , , , Independent
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...

Other Bible Students , , , - , Love Family, the Church of Jesus Christ at Armageddon and Love Israel , , Paul Erdman , , , , Communal , , , - , Love Has Won , , Amy Carlson , , , , New Age , , , - , Lucis Trust , , Alice A. Bailey , , , , Neo-Theosophical , , , - , Madkhalism , , Rabee Al-Madkhali , , , ,
Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
, , , - , Mahikari , , Yoshikazu Okada, Kotama Okada , , , , Shinto , , , - , Religion in Papua New Guinea#Makasol, Makasol (Wind Nation), Paliau movement , , Paliau Maloat , , , , Papuan
Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...

Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...

countercultural , , , - , Maranatha Campus Ministries , , Bob Weiner , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Martinus Thomsen, Martinus' Spiritual Science , , Martinus Thomsen , , , ,
Esoteric Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , Mata Amritanandamayi Math , , Mata Amritanandamayi , , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - , Mazdaznan , , Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish , , , , Zoroastrianism , , , - , Meher Baba followers , , Meher Baba, Merwan Sheriar Irani , , , ,
Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
-inspired , , , - , Messianic Judaism , , , , , , Judeo-Christian , , , - , Million Man March , , Louis Farrakhan , , , , Nation of Islam , , , - , Mita Congregation , , Juanita García Peraza , , , , Deliverance ministry, Deliverance Pentecostal , , , - , Modekngei (Ngara Modekngei) , , Tamadad from Chol , , , , Syncretism, Syncretistic
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
-
Indigenous Indigenous may refer to: *Indigenous peoples *Indigenous (ecology), presence in a region as the result of only natural processes, with no human intervention *Indigenous (band), an American blues-rock band *Indigenous (horse), a Hong Kong racehorse ...
, , , - , Monastic Order of Avallon , , Henri Hillion de Coatmoc'han , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , #Marhic, Marhic 1996, pp. 25–29. , - , Moody Church , , Dwight L. Moody , , , ,
Fundamentalist Fundamentalism is a tendency among certain groups and individuals that is characterized by the application of a strict literal interpretation to scriptures, dogmas, or ideologies, along with a strong belief in the importance of distinguishing ...

Evangelical Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide Interdenominationalism, interdenominational movement within Protestantism, Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being "bor ...
, , , - , Moorish Science Temple of America , , Timothy Drew , , , , Black Islam , , , - , Moral Re-Armament , , Frank N. D. Buchman , , , , , , , - , Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God , , Credonia Mwerinde,
Joseph Kibweteere , , , , Catholic Church, Catholicism , , , - , Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness , , Roger Delano Hinkins, John-Roger Hinkins , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...

Sant Mat Sant Mat was a spiritual movement on the Indian subcontinent during the 13th–17th centuries CE. The name literally means "teachings of sants", i.e. mystic Hindu saints. Through association and seeking truth by following ''sants'' and their teac ...
and
Eckankar Eckankar is a new religious movement founded by Paul Twitchell in 1965. Its membership today is primarily in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The spiritual home is the Temple of ECK in Chanhassen, Minnesota. Eckankar is not affiliated ...
-influenced , , , - , Namdhari , , Balak Singh , , , ,
Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...
, , , - , Nation of Islam , , Elijah Muhammad , , , , Black Islam
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
, , , - , Nation of Yahweh , , Hulon Mitchell Jr, Hulon Mitchell, Jr. , , , , Black Judaism , , , - , National Spiritualist Association of Churches , , Harrison D Barrett, James M. Peebles, Cora L. V. Scott, Cora L. Richmond , , , ,
Spiritualism Spiritualism is the metaphysical school of thought opposing physicalism and also is the category of all spiritual beliefs/views (in monism and dualism) from ancient to modern. In the long nineteenth century, Spiritualism (when not lowercase) ...
, , , - , Native American Church, Peyotism , , , , , , Native American religion
Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...
Entheogen Groups , , , - , Native Ukrainian National Faith, RUNVira or Sylenkoism , , Lev Sylenko , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Slavic Native Faith , , , - , Neo-charismatic movement , , , , , ,
Charismatic Christian Charismatic Christianity (also known as Spirit-filled Christianity by its supporters) is a form of Christianity that emphasizes the work of the Holy Spirit, spiritual gifts, and modern-day miracles as an everyday part of a believer's life. Practi ...

Nondenominational Christianity, Nondenominational Christian , , , - , Hindu reform movements, Neo-Hinduism or Reform Hinduism , , , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , , - , New Acropolis (Nouvelle Acropole) , , Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi , , , , Neo-Theosophical
Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , New Apostolic Church , , Heinrich Geyer , , , , Catholic Apostolic Church
Unclassified
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
Churches , , , - , New Kadampa Tradition , , Geshe Kelsang Gyatso , , , ,
Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism (also referred to as Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Lamaism, Lamaistic Buddhism, Himalayan Buddhism, and Northern Buddhism) is the form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Bhutan, where it is the dominant religion. It is also in majo ...
, , , - , New Message from God, The New Message from God , , Marshall Vian Summers , , , ,
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
, , , - , New Reformed Orthodox Order of the Golden Dawn , , , , , , Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - ,
New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...
, , Phineas Parkhurst Quimby , , , , Metaphysics, Metaphysical
Faith healing , , , - , Noahidism , , , , , , Orthodox Judaism-inspired , , , - , Nuwaubian Nation or United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors , Dwight York , 1967 ,
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
, New Age,
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
, Judaism, Jewish, Black supremacy, Black supremacist , , - , Oahspe: A New Bible, Oahspe Faithists , , John Ballou Newbrough , , , ,
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
, , , - , Odinism , , Orestes Brownson , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , #CITEREFGoodrick-Clarke2002, Goodrick-Clarke 2002, p. 257. , - , Oomoto , , Mrs. Nao Deguchi , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Shinto-
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, , , - , Open Bible Standard Churches , , merger , , , , White
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Opus Dei , , Saint Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer , , , , Roman Catholic , , , - , Order of the Solar Temple , , Joseph Di Mambro,
Luc Jouret , , , , Rosicrucianism, Rosicrucian , , , - , Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) , , Carl Kellner (mystic), Carl Kellner;Theodor Reuss , , , ,
Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...

Neo-Hermetism
Thelema , , , - , Pentecostal Church of God , , , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Pentecostalism , , , , , ,
Charismatic Christian Charismatic Christianity (also known as Spirit-filled Christianity by its supporters) is a form of Christianity that emphasizes the work of the Holy Spirit, spiritual gifts, and modern-day miracles as an everyday part of a believer's life. Practi ...
, , , - , People Unlimited, also known as Eternal Flame Foundation, People Forever, and CBJ , , Charles Paul Brown, Bernadeane Brown, James Russell Strole , , , , Immortalism, Christianity , , , - , Peoples Temple , , Jim Jones , , , , Psychic-New Age , , , - , Philosophical Research Society , , Manly Palmer Hall , , , ,
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...
, , , - , Pilgrims of Arès , , Michel Potay , , , , , , #Mayer2004, Mayer 2004, pp. 123–143. , - , Plymouth Brethren , , John Nelson Darby , , , , Evangelicalism, evangelical
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, , , - , Potter's House Christian Fellowship, Potter's House also known as Christian Fellowship Ministries (CFM), The Door, Victory Chapel, Christian Center, Crossroads Chapel, etc. , , Wayman Mitchell , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Process Church of the Final Judgment, The Process Church of the Final Judgment , , Mary Ann MacLean and Robert de Grimston , , , , Satanism , , , - , Quiverfull , Mary Pride , , Natalism#Religion, Christian Natalism , , - , Radha Soami, also Radhasoami Movement or Contemporary Sant Mat movements, Sant Mat movement , , Shiv Dayal Singh , , , ,
Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...
-derived or
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...
-Hinduism, Hindu or Sant Mat-inspired , , , - , Radha Soami Satsang Beas , , Jaimal Singh, Baba Jaimal Singh , , , ,
Sant Mat Sant Mat was a spiritual movement on the Indian subcontinent during the 13th–17th centuries CE. The name literally means "teachings of sants", i.e. mystic Hindu saints. Through association and seeking truth by following ''sants'' and their teac ...

Radha Soami , , , - , Radha Soami Satsang Sabha, Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh , , Kamta Prasad Sinha , , , , Radha Soami , , , - , Raëlism, Raëlian Church , , Claude Vorilhon (Rael) , , , ,
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...
, , , - , Rainbow Family, Rainbow Coalition , , Barry Adams or Jesse Jackson , , , , Communal
Afro-American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of enslav ...
, , , - , Rajneesh movement, Osho movement , , Osho (Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh), Rajneesh Chandra Mohan , , , , Indian religions-inspired
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
, , , - , Ramakrishna Mission, Ramakrishna movement or Vedanta Society{ , , Swami Vivekananda , , , , Neo-Hindu
Neo-Vedanta Neo-Vedanta, also called Hindu modernism, neo-Hinduism, Global Hinduism and Hindu Universalism, are terms to characterize interpretations of Hinduism that developed in the 19th century. The term "Neo-Vedanta" was coined by German Indologist ...
, , , - , Ramtha's School of Enlightenment , , J. Z. Knight , , , , New Age , , #Dawson2006, Dawson 2006, p. 3. , - , Rastafari , , Leonard Howell, Joseph Hibbert, Archibald Dunkley, Robert Hinds , , , , Judaism, Jewish and
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
-influenced Afro-centric , , , - , Reconstructionist Judaism , , Mordecai Kaplan , , , ,
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...
, , , - , Reform Judaism, Progressive or Liberal Judaism , , Isaac Harby; Isaac M. Wise; others , , , ,
Rabbinic Judaism Rabbinic Judaism ( he, יהדות רבנית, Yahadut Rabanit), also called Rabbinism, Rabbinicism, or Judaism espoused by the Rabbanites, has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE, after the codification of the Babylonian ...
, , , - , Reformed Druids of North America , , , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
, , , - ,
Reiki is a Japanese form of energy healing, a type of alternative medicine. Reiki practitioners use a technique called ''palm healing'' or ''hands-on healing'' through which a " universal energy" is said to be transferred through the palms of the ...
, also Usui Shiko Ryoho System of Healing , , Mikao Usui , , , , Energy medicine
Japanese Buddhism Buddhism has been practiced in Japan since about the 6th century CE. Japanese Buddhism () created many new Buddhist schools, and some schools are original to Japan and some are derived from Chinese Buddhist schools. Japanese Buddhism has had a ...
, , , - ,
Religious Science The Religious Science movement, or Science of Mind, was established in 1927 by Ernest Holmes (1887–1960) and is a spiritual, philosophical and metaphysical religious movement within the New Thought movement. In general, the term "Scie ...
, , Ernest Holmes , , , ,
New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...
, , , - , Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism , , Vladimir Megre , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...

Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Slavic Native Faith , , , - , Risshō Kōsei Kai , , Nikkyo Niwano,
Myoko Naganuma , , , , Nichiren Buddhism, Nichiren Buddhist , , #Tamura, Tamura 2001, pp. 203–204. , - , The Rosicrucian Fellowship , , Max Heindel, Carl Louis von Grasshof , , , ,
Rosicrucianism Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its ...
, , , - , Kirpal Singh#Ruhani Satsang, Ruhani Satsang, Kirpal Light Satsang , , Kirpal Singh , , , , Radha Soami , , , - , Sacred Name Movement , , Clarence Orvil Dodd , , , , Judeo-Christian (Judaizers)
Nontrinitarianism, Nontrinitarian
Church of God (Seventh-Day) , , , - , Sadharan Brahmo Samaj , , Anandamohan Bose, Sivanath Sastri, Umesh Chandra Dutta , , , ,
Brahmoism Brahmoism is a religious movement which originated from the mid-19th century Bengali Renaissance, the nascent Indian independence movement. Adherents, known as ''Brahmos'' (singular Brahmo), are mainly of Indian or Bangladeshi origin or natio ...
, , , - , Sahaja Yoga , , Nirmala Srivastava, Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi , , , , Neo-Hindu , , #Inform2001, INFORM 2001. , - , Saiva Siddhanta Church , , Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, Subramuniy , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , , - , The Salvation Army , , William Booth , , , , Holiness movement , , , - , Saminism Movement, Saminism, Samin movement , , Samin Surosentiko , , , , Abrahamic religions
Indigenist Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples. The term is used differently by various scholars and activists, and can be used purely descriptively or carry political connotations. D ...
, , , - , Sant Nirankari Mission , , Baba Buta Singh Ji , , , ,
Sikh Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...

Nirankari , , , - , Santa Muerte, Santa Muerte Cult , , , , , , Syncretic Folk Catholicism, Folk Catholic , , , - , Sathya Sai Baba movement or Sai Baba movement , , Sathya Sai Baba , , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - , Science of Identity Foundation (SIF) , , Chris Butler alias Jagad Guru Siddhaswarupananda , , , , Neo-Hindu
ISKCON , , , - , Scientology , , L. Ron Hubbard , , , ,
UFO An unidentified flying object (UFO), more recently renamed by US officials as a UAP (unidentified aerial phenomenon), is any perceived aerial phenomenon that cannot be immediately identified or explained. On investigation, most UFOs are id ...
-Psychic
New Age , , #Lewis2003, Lewis 2003, p. 42. , - , Sekta Niebo , , Bogdana Kacmajora , , , , Christian , , , - , Seicho-no-Ie , , Masaharu Taniguchi, Fenwicke Holmes , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Religious Science The Religious Science movement, or Science of Mind, was established in 1927 by Ernest Holmes (1887–1960) and is a spiritual, philosophical and metaphysical religious movement within the New Thought movement. In general, the term "Scie ...
-Shinto , , , - ,
Self-Realization Fellowship Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF) is a worldwide spiritual organization founded by Paramahansa Yogananda in 1920 and legally incorporated as a non-profit religious organization in 1935, to serve as Yogananda's instrument for the preservation ...
, , Paramahansa Yogananda , , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - , Semitic Neopaganism , , Raphael Patai , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Polytheistic reconstructionism Polytheistic reconstructionism (or simply Reconstructionism) is an approach to modern paganism first emerging in the late 1960s to early 1970s, which gathered momentum starting in the 1990s. Reconstructionism attempts to re-establish genuine poly ...

Feminism , , #Raphael, Raphael 1998, pp. 198–215. , - , Seventh-day Adventist Church , , Ellen G. White; Joseph Bates (Adventist), Joseph Bates , , , ,
Adventist Adventism is a branch of Protestant Christianity that believes in the imminent Second Coming (or the "Second Advent") of Jesus Christ. It originated in the 1830s in the United States during the Second Great Awakening when Baptist preacher Wil ...

Millerism, Millerite
Sabbath in seventh-day churches, Seventh-day Sabbatarian , , , - , Seventh-day Adventist Reform Movement , , schism , , , , Seventh Day Adventist , , , - , Shakers , , Ann Lee , , , , Communal—Before 1960 , , , - , Shengdao, Tongshanshe , , Peng Tairong (Ruzun) , , , , Chinese salvationist religions, Chinese salvationist , , , - , Shepherd's Rod, the Davidians, officially, the Davidian Seventh-day Adventist Association , , Victor Houteff, Victor T. Houteff , , , , Seventh Day Adventist , , , - , Shiloh Youth Revival Centers , , John J. Higgins, Jr. , , , , Communal—After 1960 , , , - , Shinji Shumeikai, Shumei , , Mihoko Koyama , , , , Church of World Messianity
Faith healing , , , - , Shinnyo-en , , Shinjo Ito,
Tomoji Ito , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Japanese Buddhism Buddhism has been practiced in Japan since about the 6th century CE. Japanese Buddhism () created many new Buddhist schools, and some schools are original to Japan and some are derived from Chinese Buddhist schools. Japanese Buddhism has had a ...
, , , - , Shinreikyo , , Kanichi Otsuka , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Shinto
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
, , , - , The_Shouters, Shouters , , Witness Lee, Li Changshou , , , , Christianity , , , - , Shri Ram Chandra Mission , , Shri Ram Chandraji Maharaj , , , , Hinduism, Hindu , , #Mayer1993, Mayer 1993, p. 213. , - , Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centres , , Swami Sivananda, Kuppuswami Iyer , , , , Neo-Hindu , , , - , Slavic Native Faith, Rodnovery or Slavic Neopaganism , , Władysław Kołodziej, Jan Stachniuk , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Polytheistic reconstructionism Polytheistic reconstructionism (or simply Reconstructionism) is an approach to modern paganism first emerging in the late 1960s to early 1970s, which gathered momentum starting in the 1990s. Reconstructionism attempts to re-establish genuine poly ...
, , , - , Slavic-Hill Rodnovery , , Aleksandr Belov , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Slavic Native Faith , , , - , Soka Gakkai International , , Tsunesaburo Makiguchi , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Nichiren Buddhism , , , - ,
Spiritualism Spiritualism is the metaphysical school of thought opposing physicalism and also is the category of all spiritual beliefs/views (in monism and dualism) from ancient to modern. In the long nineteenth century, Spiritualism (when not lowercase) ...
, , Fox sisters, Kate and Margaret Fox , , , , Psychic-Mediumship
Metaphysics, Metaphysical , , , - , Subud (Susila Budhi Dharma) , , Muhammad Subuh Sumohadiwidjojo, Muhammed Subuh , , , , Kejawèn
neo-
Sufism Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
, , , - , Sufi Ruhaniat International , , Samuel L. Lewis , , , , neo-
Sufism Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
, , , - , Sukyo Mahikari , , Sekiguchi Sakae , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Mahikari
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
, , , - , Summum , , Claude Nowell, Claude Rex Nowell , , , , Unclassified
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
Churches , , , - , Syntheism , , Alexander Bard , , , , Pantheism, Pantheist
Humanism, Humanist
Netocracy, Netocratic , , , - , The Satanic Temple , , Lucien Greaves,
Malcolm Jarry , , , , Satanism
Nontheistic religion, Nontheistic , , ''The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Volume 2''; James R. Lewis, Inga B. Tollefsen; Oxford University Press, 2016; pgs. 441-453 , - , Tenrikyo , , Miki Nakayama , , , ,
Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

Shinto , , , - , Tensegrity (Castaneda), Tensegrity , , Carlos Castaneda , , , , Neoshamanism
New Age , , , - , Terasem Movement, Terasem , , Martine Rothblatt , , , , Transhumanism , , , - , Thelema, the A∴A∴ order , , Aleister Crowley , , , ,
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...

neo-Hermetism
Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , Theosophy or Theosophical Society, 1882 as Theosophical Society Adyar , , Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge , , , ,
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...

Eastern and
Western esotericism Western esotericism, also known as esotericism, esoterism, and sometimes the Western mystery tradition, is a term scholars use to categorise a wide range of loosely related ideas and movements that developed within Western society. These ideas a ...
, , , - , Theosophical Society Pasadena , , William Quan Judge , , , , Theosophy, Theosophical , , , - , Tolstoyan movement, Tolstoyan primitivism , , Leo Tolstoy , , , , Christian anarchism
Pacifism , , , - , Toronto Blessing , , Randy Clark , , , ,
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , Transcendental Meditation movement, Transcendental Meditation (TM) , , Maharishi Mahesh Yogi , , , , Neo-Hindu-inspired , , , - , Triratna Buddhist Community (formerly FWBO) , , Sangharakshita (Dennis Lingwood) , , , , Neo-Buddhism , , , - , True Buddha School , , Lu Sheng-yen , , , ,
Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism (also referred to as Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Lamaism, Lamaistic Buddhism, Himalayan Buddhism, and Northern Buddhism) is the form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Bhutan, where it is the dominant religion. It is also in majo ...

Taoism , , , - , True Gnostic Church , , Azrael Ondi-Ahman (Archie D. Wood) , , , , , , , - , Twelve Tribes (New religious movement), Twelve Tribes , , Gene and Marsha Spriggs , , , , Messianic Jewish Communal—After 1960 , , , - , Two by Twos, Cooneyites, Christian Conventions, the Workers and Friends, the Truth, etc. , , , , , , Independent Fundamentalist Christianity, fundamentalist family , , Johnson, Benton in #KlassWeisgrau1999, Klass and Weisgrau 1999, p. 377. , - , Umbanda , , Zélio Fernandino de Moraes , , , , Spiritism , , #SmithProkopy2003, Smith and Prokopy 2003, p. 279–280. , - , Unarius Academy of Science , , Ernest Norman, Ruth Norman , , , , UFO Religion , , , - , Unification Church, also known as the Moonie (nickname), Moonies , , Sun Myung Moon , , , ,
Syncretistic Syncretism () is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thu ...
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
, , , - , Unitarian Universalism , , consolidation , , , , Unitarian Universalism , , , - , United Holy Church of America , , Isaac Cheshier , , , , Black
Trinitarian The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the Fa ...
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , United House of Prayer for All People , , Marcelino Manuel da Graca, Marcelino Manoel de Graca , , , , African American
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
, , , - , United Israel World Union , , David Horowitz (author), David Horowitz , , , , Other Judaism, Jewish Groups , , , - , United Lodge of Theosophists , , Robert Crosbie , , , , Theosophy, Theosophical , , , - , United Pentecostal Church International , , merger , , , ,
Apostolic Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Churc ...
Pentecostalism, Pentecostals , , , - , Unity Church , , Charles Fillmore (Unity Church), Charles Fillmore and Myrtle Fillmore , , , ,
New Thought The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from ...
-
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
, , , - , Universal Great Brotherhood , , Serge Raynaud de la Ferriere , , , , Other Theosophy, Theosophical Groups , , , - , Universal Life Church , , Kirby J. Hensley, Kirby Hensley , , , , Liberal Family , , , - , Universal White Brotherhood , , Peter Deunov , , , , Other Theosophy, Theosophical Groups
Esoteric Christianity , , , - , Urantia Foundation , , William S. Sadler , , , ,
UFO religion A UFO religion is any religion in which the existence of extraterrestrial (ET) entities operating unidentified flying objects (UFOs) is an element of belief. Typically, adherents of such religions believe the ETs to be interested in the welfar ...

Psychic
New Age
Christian occultist , , , - , Vajradhatu , , Chögyam Trungpa , , , ,
Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism (also referred to as Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Lamaism, Lamaistic Buddhism, Himalayan Buddhism, and Northern Buddhism) is the form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Bhutan, where it is the dominant religion. It is also in majo ...
, , , - , Vale do Amanhecer , , Tia Neiva , , , , Spiritualism , , #Dawson, Dawson 2007, pp. 48–49. , - , Volunteers of America , , Ballington Booth,
Maud Ballington Booth, Maud Booth , , , , Holiness movement , , , - , The Way International , , Victor Paul Wierwille , , , , Independent Fundamentalist Christianity, fundamentalist family , , , - , Universal Medicine, The Way of the Livingness (Universal Medicine) , , Serge Benhayon , , , , Neo-Theosophical and/or "Socially harmful cult". , , , - , Weksek , , Lee Daniels , , , , Neo-Shamanism / Mysticism , , , - , White Eagle Lodge , , Lady Elizabeth Carey , , , , Other Theosophy, Theosophical Groups , , , - , Wicca , , Gerald Gardner , , , ,
Modern Pagan Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...

Witchcraft
Occult The occult, in the broadest sense, is a category of esoteric supernatural beliefs and practices which generally fall outside the scope of religion and science, encompassing phenomena involving otherworldly agency, such as magic and mysticism a ...
, , , - , Wotansvolk , , David Lane (white supremacist), David Lane , , , , Völkisch movement, neo-völkisch paganism , , , - , The Word Foundation , , Harold W. Percival , , , , Theosophy, Theosophical , , , - , Hyung Jin Moon, World Peace and Unification Sanctuary Church , , Hyung Jin Moon,
Yeon Ah Lee Moon , , , , Unification Church-based
ultra-Orthodox/Fundamentalism , , , - , Yiguandao , , Wang Jueyi; Zhang Tianran, Chang Thien Ran , , , , Chinese salvationist religions, Chinese salvationist-
Millenarian Millenarianism or millenarism (from Latin , "containing a thousand") is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming fundamental transformation of society, after which "all things will be changed". Millenariani ...
, ,


See also

* Governmental lists of cults and sects * Hinduism-oriented new religious movements * List of Christian denominations * List of New Thought denominations and independent centers * List of Neopagan movements * List of religions and spiritual traditions * List of sects in the Latter Day Saint movement * New religious movements in the United States


Main sources


Selected sources

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


External links


Diskus
The on-disk journal of international Religious Studies

* * [https://skepsis.nl/boeken/online-texts-about-cults-and-new-religions/ Online texts about NRMs]
SSSR Resolution on New Religious Groups
* Jeffrey K. Hadden, Hadden, Jeffrey K. and Douglas Cowan
The New Religious Movements Homepage
@The University of Virginia''


References

{{Religion topics New religious movements, ~ Religion-related lists, New